He Waka Tino Whakarawea: A Model for Evaluating the Cultural Appropriateness and Effectiveness of Programmes and Services for Māori Learners both with and without Special Needs.

Abstract

This article introduces a waka tino whakarawea model for evaluating programmes and services for Ma ̄ori learners. It is based on a set of underlying principles identified in the author’s PhD study (Bevan-Brown, 2002). Explanations are provided for eight principles: kaupapa Ma ̄ori; importance, relevance and beneficence; participation; empowerment, tino rangatiratanga and Ma ̄ori control; accountability; high quality; appropriate personnel and equality and accessibility. Challenges to implementing these principles are outlined and suggestions for overcoming the challenges are shared. A framework containing the principles and 22 associated questions is included, as is a procedure for evaluating, improving or developing programmes and services for Maori learners both with and without special needs. Finally, the waka tino whakarawea metaphor of a well-equipped canoe is explained.